Schrad — Reform intentions and enforcement effects require separate evidence — PDF 35–37

Schrad disputes interpretations he associates with Okrent and McGirr, emphasizing marginalized actors’ resistance. Read beside McGirr’s selective-enforcement analysis, this raises distinct questions about who sought reform and who later exercised its powers.

Mark Lawrence Schrad, Smashing the Liquor Machine: A Global History of Prohibition (Oxford University Press, 2021), printed pp. 10–12, physical PDF pp. 35–37 of supplied 753-page copy.

37

35

Locators checked in supplied copy. Attribution checked; underlying primary evidence not independently audited.