Strengthens the existing factory-system Claim. Exact census figures are retained as source-specific data, not universal shorthand.
A synthesis of the nineteenth-century transition from household and farm production toward mechanized industrial works.
Raitz describes nineteenth-century distilling’s movement from vernacular craft to commercial industry: the number of American distilleries fell sharply while total spirits output increased, and larger machinery, steam power, warehouses, grain storage, transport access, and specialized buildings displaced many small farm stills.
PDF sheet 25 / displayed p. 12
PDF sheet 22 / displayed p. 10
Imprinting the Landscape
Fresh September29 audit: PDF22–25 supports the broad transition. Exact1810 counts conflict with map27/endnote289; table24 includes2018 despite title ending2016. Do not promote exact counts without reconciliation.
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