Jackson, Nick. Beyond Flavour: Wine Tasting by Structure. 2nd ed. Copyright 2022. Publisher not stated in supplied copy.
Ruby/reserve, LBV, vintage, tawny and colheita are compared through fruit, tannin, oxidation and perceived alcohol. Jackson describes changing vintage-port tannin handling since2011 and contrasts the fortifying spirit's lower strength with near-neutral spirit in other fortified wines.
Nick Jackson, Beyond Flavour: Wine Tasting by Structure, 2nd ed. (copyright 2022; publisher unstated), supplied PDF positions 173–174.
Nick Jackson, Beyond Flavour: Wine Tasting by Structure, 2nd ed. (copyright 2022; publisher unstated), supplied PDF positions 173–174.
174
173
Jackson, Beyond Flavour, PDF 173–174.
Port: separate fortification, aging style and alcohol integration
Ready means recoverable source and precise supplied-PDF locator; not publication approval or authenticated direct quotation. Limits: Typical77% versus96% figures are secondary technical claims. Grapey spirit does not establish Cognac-like oak or smoky maturation; fortification is not proof that aged brandy was used. Tawny age descriptors are not youngest-component whiskey ages.
No access / Whiskey Citations & Footnotes Database (USWA)
Citation
Nick Jackson, Beyond Flavour: Wine Tasting by Structure, 2nd ed. (copyright 2022; publisher unstated), supplied PDF positions 173–174.
Bibliography
Jackson, Nick. Beyond Flavour: Wine Tasting by Structure. 2nd ed. Copyright 2022. Publisher not stated in supplied copy.
Supported passage
Ruby/reserve, LBV, vintage, tawny and colheita are compared through fruit, tannin, oxidation and perceived alcohol. Jackson describes changing vintage-port tannin handling since2011 and contrasts the fortifying spirit's lower strength with near-neutral spirit in other fortified wines.
Verification boundary
The native source and exact PDF positions are recoverable. This record cites a paraphrase; no direct quotation is authenticated. Publisher and ISBN remain unstated.
Typical77% versus96% figures are secondary technical claims. Grapey spirit does not establish Cognac-like oak or smoky maturation; fortification is not proof that aged brandy was used. Tawny age descriptors are not youngest-component whiskey ages.