Strengthens structured-tasting practice while preserving the effects of proof, color, temperature, glass, context, panel performance, and statistics.
Method must match the question: difference detection, description, and intensity measurement are not interchangeable.
Jack specifies controlled environment, glassware, sample quantity, temperature, strength, coding, and assessor independence. High-strength spirit is often diluted to about 20% ABV for nosing; dilution may increase headspace abundance for some volatiles. Triangle tests can establish whether samples differ but not the nature or size of that difference, which requires descriptive or quantitative follow-up.
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Printed p. 327 / PDF sheet 824
Chapter 18 — Sample preparation and sensory methodology
Verified against extracted text and rendered PDF sheets 824–833 on 2026-08-27.
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