Burton, Neel. The Concise Guide to Wine and Blind Tasting. 2nd ed. Acheron Press, 2016.
The VDN section distinguishes arresting fermentation from fortifying unfermented must, then profiles Rivesaltes, Banyuls, Maury, Saint-Jean-de-Minervois and Beaumes de Venise. Variety, oxidation and ageing account for different fresh, nutty, dried-fruit or rancio styles, not the word fortified alone.
Neel Burton, The Concise Guide to Wine and Blind Tasting, 2nd ed. (Acheron Press, 2016), supplied PDF positions 256–258.
Neel Burton, The Concise Guide to Wine and Blind Tasting, 2nd ed. (Acheron Press, 2016), supplied PDF positions 256–258.
258
256
Burton, Concise Guide, PDF 256–258.
French fortified wines distinguish mutage from unfermented mistelles
Ready means a recoverable source and precise supplied-PDF locator. No direct quotation is being authenticated here. Limits: Arnaldus de Villa Nova's role and the Pliny quotation are secondary historical attributions. Legal minima, blend rules and regional claims are unrefreshed. Exposed-glass and cask ageing are wine-production descriptions, not instructions for the whiskey pilot.
No access / Whiskey Citations & Footnotes Database (USWA)
Citation
Neel Burton, The Concise Guide to Wine and Blind Tasting, 2nd ed. (Acheron Press, 2016), supplied PDF positions 256–258.
Bibliography
Burton, Neel. The Concise Guide to Wine and Blind Tasting. 2nd ed. Acheron Press, 2016.
Supported source statement
The VDN section distinguishes arresting fermentation from fortifying unfermented must, then profiles Rivesaltes, Banyuls, Maury, Saint-Jean-de-Minervois and Beaumes de Venise. Variety, oxidation and ageing account for different fresh, nutty, dried-fruit or rancio styles, not the word fortified alone.
Verification and limits
Arnaldus de Villa Nova's role and the Pliny quotation are secondary historical attributions. Legal minima, blend rules and regional claims are unrefreshed. Exposed-glass and cask ageing are wine-production descriptions, not instructions for the whiskey pilot.
Ready denotes a recoverable source and precise PDF locator, not public claim approval or a validated quotation. No access; excerpt 